汶川8．0级特大地震汉源县震害特点与烈度异常成因探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷东宁  蔡永建  李恒  陈蜀俊 《四川地震》2011,(4):35-39

本文在汉源县地震灾害调查的基础上,通过收集前人在该区已取得的成果资料,采用综合分析、类比等方法,对汉源县地震烈度异常区震害及造成异常的原因进行了分析探讨。汉源县建筑物破坏形式以水平地震作用造成的“X”型剪切破坏为主,竖向地震造成的破坏较少。地震波传播路径、场地土层条件和地形地貌条件三者的耦合是造成汉源县烈度异常的主要原因,其中场地土层中占优势厚度的砾石层是造成场地地震波放大的主要内因。本文取得的初步结论为更加深入地科学研究本区地震烈度异常的原因提供了新思路。  相似文献   

山西地区非弹性衰减系数、场地响应和震源参数的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董春丽  胡玉良  张玲  张蕙 《华北地震科学》2011,(4):7-14

利用山西数字测震台网“十五”数字化之后34次 ML2.5～ML5.2级地震波形资料,采用Atkinson方法反演出非弹性衰减Q值随频率f的关系为Q( f)=469.5df0.3141;采用Moya方法反演得出41个台站的场地响应,结果显示出仪器安置在山洞且地处外界干扰小的台站没有明显的放大效应,而其它台站尽管都是基岩台...  相似文献   

江苏地区介质非弹性衰减和场地响应研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

詹小艳  许红梅  王俊  霍祝青  江昊琳  缪发军  徐戈 《地震地磁观测与研究》2011,32(6):22-27

选取江苏数字地震台网在2001年1月-2010年7月记录到43次高质量数字地震波形,采用Atkinson(1992)和Moya(2000)的方法,反演得到江苏地区的介质非弹性衰减特性和场地响应.  相似文献   

新疆且末地磁基准台场址勘选     

史勇军  吴琼  李晓东 《地震地磁观测与研究》2011,32(6):162-167

对拟建设的新疆且末地磁台进行场址勘选,采取十字剖面测量和密跨度测量方法进行地磁场总强度F测量,对测量结果进行初步分析.分析结果表明,且末地磁台的地质条件、磁场梯度分布和背景噪声环境等地磁观测环境条件,符合国家地磁台建设规范的要求,适宜地磁基准台站建设.  相似文献   

软弱结构面水流冲刷形成集中渗漏通道机制研究     

叶合欣  董明  董海洲 《地震学刊》2011,(2):173-179

软弱结构面塑性程度高、强度低,在地下水长期作用下,很易导致岩体产生变形、形成集中渗漏通道及渗透破坏。软弱结构面的渗透稳定性,一直是水利水电工程的重要工程地质及水文地质问题之一,目前对其渗透破坏机理的认识还存在不少尚未解决的问题。针对已有对基岩软弱结构形成集中渗漏通道研究的不足,本文在软弱结构面内讨论渗透变形问题,主要探讨了软弱结构面受水流冲刷发展的机制,以及土粒起动处于不同位置时的临界流速及相应隙宽。最后介绍了在适当地质等条件下,基岩软弱结构面可形成集中渗漏通道的实例。  相似文献   

利用数字地震波资料研究宁夏地区介质非弹性衰减和场地响应     

许英才  许文俊  李鸿庭  陈继锋 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(Z1):33-37

利用宁夏及邻区的数字地震波资料,选取2009-05-2010-10月M_L2.6以上的20个台站32次地震事件的268条波形记录,用遗传算法反演了宁夏及邻区介质非弹性衰减系数和台站场地相应.反演得到:宁夏地区介质非弹性衰减Q值与频率的关系为Q(f)=337.67f0.4554.其Q值和山西及浙江地区的结果最相近,可能预...  相似文献   

天山托木尔自然遗产地地理多样性价值评估与保护分区   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

邵蕊  杨兆萍  韩芳  刘新宇 《干旱区地理》2011,34(3):525-531

在系统分析托木尔自然遗产地地理多样性要素组成的基础上,运用ArcGIS空间叠加分析,划定地理多样性特征区,主要包括极高山、高山冰川和冰缘区、南坡中山区、南坡红层地貌区和北坡中山区;通过对已有研究和相关文献资料的分析,对地理多样性价值构成进行解析,采用层次分析法提出了地理多样性综合价值评估指标体系,确定了具有不同价值特征...  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal patterns of tropical deforestation and forest degradation in response to the operation of the Tucuruí hydroelectric dam in the Amazon basin     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

The planned construction of hundreds of hydroelectric dams in the Amazon basin has the potential to provide invaluable ‘clean’ energy resources for aiding in securing future regional energy needs and continued economic growth. These mega-structures, however, directly and indirectly interfere with natural ecosystem dynamics, and can cause noticeable tree loss. To improve our understanding of how hydroelectric dams affect the surrounding spatiotemporal patterns of forest disturbances, this case study integrated remote sensing spectral mixture analysis, GIS proximity analysis and statistical hypothesis testing to extract and evaluate spatially-explicit patterns of deforestation (clearing of entire forest patch) and forest degradation (reduced tree density) in the 80,000 km² neighborhoods of the Brazil's Tucuruí Dam, the first large-scale hydroelectric project in the Amazon region, over a period of 25 years from 1988 to 2013. Results show that the average rates of deforestation were consistent during the first three time periods 1988–1995 (620 km² per year), 1995–2001 (591 km² per year), and 2001–2008 (660 km² per year). However, such rate dramatically fell to half of historical levels after 2008, possibly reflecting the 2008 global economic crisis and enforcement of the Brazilian Law of Environmental Crimes. The rate of forest degradation was relatively stable from 1988 to 2013 and, on average, was 17.8% of the rate of deforestation. Deforestation and forest degradation were found to follow similar spatial patterns across the dam neighborhoods, upstream reaches or downstream reaches at the distances of 5 km–80 km, suggesting that small and large-scale forest disturbances may have been influencing each other in the vicinity of the dam. We further found that the neighborhoods of the Tucuruí Dam and the upstream region experienced similar degrees of canopy loss. Such loss was mainly attributed to the fast expansion of the Tucuruí town, and the intensive logging activities alongside major roads in the upstream reservoir region. In contrast, a significantly lower level of forest disturbance was discovered in the downstream region.  相似文献   

Site characterization model using least‐square support vector machine and relevance vector machine based on corrected SPT data (Nc)     

Pijush Samui  T. G. Sitharam 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2010,34(7):755-770

Statistical learning algorithms provide a viable framework for geotechnical engineering modeling. This paper describes two statistical learning algorithms applied for site characterization modeling based on standard penetration test (SPT) data. More than 2700 field SPT values (N) have been collected from 766 boreholes spread over an area of 220 sqkm area in Bangalore. To get N corrected value (N_c), N values have been corrected (N_c) for different parameters such as overburden stress, size of borehole, type of sampler, length of connecting rod, etc. In three‐dimensional site characterization model, the function N_c=N_c (X, Y, Z), where X, Y and Z are the coordinates of a point corresponding to N_c value, is to be approximated in which N_c value at any half‐space point in Bangalore can be determined. The first algorithm uses least‐square support vector machine (LSSVM), which is related to a ridge regression type of support vector machine. The second algorithm uses relevance vector machine (RVM), which combines the strengths of kernel‐based methods and Bayesian theory to establish the relationships between a set of input vectors and a desired output. The paper also presents the comparative study between the developed LSSVM and RVM model for site characterization. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Review and enhancement of 3D concrete models for large‐scale numerical simulations of concrete structures     

B. Valentini  G. Hofstetter 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(3):221-246

The present paper focuses on selected plasticity and damage‐plasticity models for describing the 3D material behavior of concrete. In particular, a plasticity model and a damage‐plasticity model are reviewed and evaluated. Based on the results of the evaluation, enhancements are proposed, aiming at improving the correspondence between predicted and observed material behavior and aiming at implementing a robust and efficient stress update algorithm in a finite element program for performing large‐scale 3D numerical simulations of concrete structures. The capabilities of the concrete models are demonstrated by 3D numerical simulations of benchmark tests with combined bending and torsional loading and combined compression and shear loading and by a large‐scale 3D finite element analysis of a model test of a concrete arch dam. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献